Tuesday, 21 March 2017

Ground Water - Life Line of the Nation (Rajiv N. Magal)


                                                                                    Sai Ram

Ground Water – Life-line of the Nation


Planet Earth, the Only place for Living 
Earth, a planet, where we live is reverently addressed as “Mother Earth” for its uniqueness. Obviously, the term ‘Mother’ occupies a very significant position in view of the fact that ‘Mother’ has no substitute, so also the Earth, which bestows myriad of natural resources for Mankind, which, in realty is used and misused today. One of the most treasured resources is Water, without which even a small leaf of grass cannot find its existence. While there is extensive exploitation of natural resources, WATER is the most prominent one, heat of which is faced today.

Preamble of Mother Earth:
Scientific studies have revealed that Mother Earth is nearly 4.543 Billion years old, with a radius of 6370 Kms and 510 Million sq.Km of surface area, located at a distance of nearly 150 million kms from Sun, another main source of lifeline, Light and Heat. The population of earth is appx 7.50 Billion, which is growing exponentially, except in some isolated corners. Population wise, China leads with 1.35 Billion, followed by India, the largest democracy, with 1.3 Billion and USA, the oldest democracy with just about 330 Million, about a fourth of Inda! With varied technological advancement, little can be done in finding an alternate for Natural resource; Water is major among them.

Causes for Depletion of Water, a Natural Resource:
It is needles to mention that with the constantly increasing population and human related activities, the consumption of water has also accelerated; efforts are hardly made to replenish, since the competition with Nature is complex. When this fact is well understood by the Human race – despite advancement of technology, there must be concerted efforts to either conserve Water or contemporary technology must be adopted to find an alternate to mitigate disproportionate increase or exploitation vis-à-vis consumption, considering Population rise as the chief cause.

Effects of unavailability of Water:
On a lighter note, even the adolescent age group is well aware in today’s circumstances that the end effect of depleted natural water resource is Litigation and protest! Which is an indication that acute scarcity of water has driven the human race to confront each other, both socially and legally, rather than getting down to the business of evaluating the problem from the angle of exploring an amicable solution for co-existence. It is very apt to recall the ancient adage “Live and Let Live” – which has become a fancy tool for usage only during discussions and debates, but not a real-time practice!

The custom of Water usage as a natural resource is a global phenomenon; the society, that consists of Human habitat, animal and plant kingdom, in addition to several simulated sectors is totally dependent on Water. This may include Industrial sector, Power generation, Agriculture, Services, Health care, Sports & Recreation to name a few. As long as the usage of Water is judicious, as long as the technology allows the use of water without conversion of its physical state – as long as the abuse of water is not a practice – there may not be much argument about its conservation or scarcity. When nature-friendly practices are seldom followed- trouble starts.

Water as a resource in Indian subcontinent:
If the problem of Water scarcity is seen as a matter of stark importance from the angle of Indian subcontinent, it attains greater significance, both within the country and in respect of its neighbours. In fact, during the British era, during pre-independence, the system adopted for administration was different from what it is today; there were few provinces unlike today, where we have several states and each state divided in to Districts, Taluks, Hoblis etc. The states with few districts originally have been further divided in to more Taluks, said to be for better administration; all this means more power centers, with the same or depleted amount of water resources. The situation became more and more intriguing after independence, more confrontations cropped-up, since the thought given for sharing of natural resources was based on a democratic structure. The nature is neither aware of the technological advancement the mankind is adopting nor the plans he has for his survival with scant respect to the nature, though not easy, which is facing threat of exploitation and depletion.

When the greed of development was the slogan of the day for every successive administration, little or no respect was paid for the preservation of the noble Gift of Nature. With rapid growth of economy, industrialisation was inevitable; industrialisation necessitated for employment, which obviously demanded more people to take-up jobs; the next best source of manpower was easily found at a low cost from rural locations – who did not wait long to migrate; when urban population increased, there was naturally a necessity to pay attention to housing that called for conversion of farm lands in to residential plots for human habitat, causing depletion of  green cover; with the increase in dwellings, the commercial activities were on the upswing; when the extent of land available for housing and commerce were inadequate, especially in urban locations, encroachments were abetted even by the governments; water bodies like lakes and ponds were filled-up and became areas for living; wherever few water bodies were left untouched in the domestic limits, they failed to receive any source of natural water since the catchment vanished ; with more colonies, more residential and industrial lay-outs, water bodies vanishing, mankind did not even think of any reasonable alternative but only thought of drawing ground water, that too recklessly; when ‘Man’ was successful, in his first few attempts, he became greedy which multiplied; he concentrated on deep-wells alone and totally forgot that the source of water for the deep-wells that he is drilling day-in and day-out; even when the water levels in the conventional open wells, that were judiciously used for the daily needs, dropped due to deep-wells in the vicinity, the omniscient ‘Man’ did not take it as an impending catastrophe, he ignored the warning about his manipulation of the natural resources; he kept exploiting Mother Nature and only when he became conscious of his follies, which he did not accept at once, that the depth of bore-wells, which were once in two and three digits, finally proved to be a failure even when they crossed four-digits, he became panicky, which he tried to conceal, and started discussing about climate change,  global warming, methane gas emissions etc  in international forums! He was rather quick in finding a scapegoat by pointing his fingers at de-forestation, industrialisation, development, change of monsoon pattern …….. Etc; the problems compounded as the days passed, since the damage was so extensive that the reversal was not as easy as they are discussed.

Remedies envisaged
Ironically, the elected governments adopted a lack luster attitude to this monstrous issue until it almost reached a point of no-return! As usual, a high-level panel of experts was formed to discuss the causes and perils of ground water depletion, oblivious of the fact that the damage was already caused! As a face saving measure, it was in a hurry to implement certain regulations, in both domestic and agrarian sectors, like Rain-water harvesting, drip irrigation, lake encroachment, afforestation, cloud-seeding, re-use of sewage water for non-domestic use, conversion of saline (sea) water for domestic use, river linking, rejuvenation of polluted rivers like Ganges ….. to name a few! The magnitude of the problem was so enormous that the effect of climate change was felt even in westernised countries, which were considered to be practising ethical and nature–friendly measures. Though the climate change or increase in ambient temperature was in fractions, it was unbearable for the subtle lifestyles of westerners, who became alert, realised that any further neglect of this gross issue may one day harm them substantially. They categorically and conveniently forgot that the reason for deforestation in underdeveloped countries was only to supply raw material for the consumption of developments in the western world, keeping theirs intact!

Conclusion:
‘Man did realise, belatedly, despite his dominance on technology, that any manipulations and efforts are no match to the gifts ‘Mother Nature’ showers; predictably, he further concluded that any small aberration in the use of natural resources for which there is absolutely no substitute, leads to major debacles. The arrogance of Man was a lesson for not only the policy makers but even the common men, who were under the frail impression that he can draw the resources, perpetually!
Despite all the exploitations, the good old adage:
“If you Tickle the earth with a Hoe, she laughs with a Harvest!” 

is a stark reality, which the Mankind must not only preach, but Practice in Letters and
spirits - because "Ground water is the Life Line of the Nation!"

Rajiv N. Magal

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